Introduction
Iceland, often called the “Land of Fire and Ice,” is a dream destination for nature lovers and adventure seekers. Its volcanic landscapes, glaciers, geothermal springs, and black sand beaches are famous worldwide — but one of the country’s most mesmerizing features is its waterfalls. From towering giants that thunder down cliffs to hidden gems tucked away in secluded canyons, Iceland’s waterfalls offer breathtaking sights, serene escapes, and endless photographic opportunities.
In this guide, we’ll explore the best waterfalls in Iceland, provide tips for visiting them, and suggest how to plan your itinerary to experience these natural wonders in all their glory.
Why Iceland is a Waterfall Wonderland
Iceland’s unique geology creates the perfect conditions for waterfalls. Volcanic eruptions, glacial meltwater, and frequent rainfall converge to form cascades that range from delicate streams to massive torrents. Some waterfalls drop hundreds of feet into deep gorges, while others flow gently over basalt cliffs.
Visiting these waterfalls offers more than just stunning views — it’s a chance to experience Iceland’s raw natural power, explore hiking trails, and immerse yourself in the country’s serene yet dramatic landscapes.
Top Waterfalls in Iceland
Here’s a detailed guide to the most iconic and must-visit waterfalls:
1. Seljalandsfoss
- Location: South Coast, along the Ring Road
- Height: 60 meters (197 feet)
- Highlight: You can walk behind the waterfall, giving a rare perspective of cascading water from within.
Seljalandsfoss is one of Iceland’s most famous waterfalls, not just for its beauty but for the unique experience it offers. A short, well-maintained path leads behind the waterfall, where the mist creates a magical, almost otherworldly atmosphere.
Tip: Wear waterproof clothing and sturdy shoes — the path behind the waterfall can get slippery. Sunrise and sunset are particularly beautiful here.
2. Gljúfrabúi
- Location: Near Seljalandsfoss
- Height: Approximately 40 meters (131 feet)
- Highlight: Hidden inside a narrow canyon, giving a sense of discovery and adventure.
Gljúfrabúi is often overlooked by tourists, making it a peaceful and intimate spot. To reach it, you’ll need to wade through a shallow stream or climb a small rock path. The waterfall’s setting inside the canyon adds a mysterious and enchanting vibe, perfect for photography.
3. Skógafoss
- Location: South Coast
- Height: 60 meters (197 feet)
- Width: 25 meters (82 feet)
- Highlight: Powerful flow with frequent rainbows on sunny days.
Skógafoss is one of Iceland’s most iconic waterfalls. Its wide, straight drop creates a thunderous roar and thick mist, often forming stunning rainbows on sunny days. A staircase alongside the falls leads to a viewing platform at the top, providing panoramic views of the surrounding landscape.
Tip: Bring a wide-angle lens to capture the full majesty of the falls and the surrounding greenery.
4. Kvernufoss
- Location: Near Skógafoss
- Height: Approximately 30 meters (98 feet)
- Highlight: A hidden gem that offers a peaceful experience with fewer crowds.
Kvernufoss is a serene alternative to the more popular waterfalls. A short hike through lush greenery leads to the falls, where visitors can also walk behind the cascade. The tranquil surroundings make it ideal for a quiet moment or a photography session away from the crowds.
5. Svartifoss
- Location: Skaftafell National Park
- Height: 20 meters (66 feet)
- Highlight: Surrounded by striking black basalt columns, creating a unique geometric backdrop.
Svartifoss, meaning “Black Falls,” is famous for its basalt column formations, which resemble organ pipes. The hike to the waterfall is about 1.5 kilometers each way, offering scenic views of the park’s glaciers, forests, and mountains.
Tip: Wear hiking boots, as the trail can be uneven. Early morning visits provide the best lighting for photography.
6. Gullfoss
- Location: Golden Circle
- Height: 32 meters (105 feet) over two tiers
- Highlight: A powerful waterfall cascading into a deep canyon, often creating a misty spectacle.
Gullfoss is one of Iceland’s most visited waterfalls due to its proximity to the Golden Circle route. The falls are impressive both in size and force, with multiple viewing platforms offering different perspectives. During summer, the sun creates rainbows over the cascading water, making it a photographer’s paradise.
7. Dettifoss
- Location: Northeast Iceland, Vatnajökull National Park
- Height: 44 meters (144 feet)
- Width: 100 meters (328 feet)
- Highlight: Europe’s most powerful waterfall by volume of water flow.
Dettifoss is not just large; it’s a force of nature. The roar of the water and the sheer power of the falls are awe-inspiring. The surrounding terrain is rugged and wild, giving the waterfall a remote and dramatic setting.
Tip: Use a 4×4 vehicle to access the site, especially during winter or wet seasons. Protective gear is essential to avoid getting drenched by the spray.
8. Goðafoss
- Location: North Iceland, near Akureyri
- Height: 12 meters (39 feet)
- Width: 30 meters (98 feet)
- Highlight: Known as the “Waterfall of the Gods,” steeped in historical significance.
Goðafoss is a graceful semi-circular waterfall with a fascinating story. Legend says that in the year 1000, Iceland’s pagan idols were thrown into the falls when the country converted to Christianity. The waterfall’s beauty and history make it a must-see on any northern Iceland itinerary.
9. Hraunfossar
- Location: West Iceland, near Reykholt
- Highlight: Water emerges from beneath a lava field, forming a series of gentle cascades.
Hraunfossar is unlike any other waterfall in Iceland. The water flows gently over moss-covered lava rocks, creating a peaceful and picturesque scene. It’s ideal for a calm visit, photography, and short hikes along the riverbank.
10. Barnafoss
- Location: Near Hraunfossar
- Highlight: Known as the “Children’s Falls,” with a tragic local legend attached.
Barnafoss is smaller than Hraunfossar but equally captivating. The rapid waters rush through a narrow gorge, creating dramatic currents and striking visuals. A footbridge nearby offers a perfect vantage point for photos.
Tips for Visiting Iceland’s Waterfalls
- Best Time to Visit: June to August for long daylight hours, calm weather, and accessibility to remote areas. Winter visits offer ice formations and fewer crowds.
- Wear Waterproof Gear: Mist from waterfalls can soak visitors quickly. Waterproof jackets, shoes, and bags are recommended.
- Safety First: Many waterfall areas have slippery rocks and cliffs. Always stay on marked paths.
- Photography Tips: Early morning or late afternoon provides the best natural light. Use wide-angle lenses for large waterfalls.
- Plan Your Route: Many waterfalls are along the Ring Road or Golden Circle. Combine multiple sites in a day for efficient travel.
Suggested Waterfall Road Trip Itinerary
Day 1: Seljalandsfoss, Gljúfrabúi, and Skógafoss
Day 2: Kvernufoss and Svartifoss in Skaftafell National Park
Day 3: Gullfoss along the Golden Circle with stops at nearby geysers and hot springs
Day 4: Dettifoss and Goðafoss in North Iceland
Day 5: Hraunfossar and Barnafoss in West Iceland
Conclusion
Iceland’s waterfalls are a true reflection of the country’s raw natural power and breathtaking beauty. From the thunderous Dettifoss to the serene Hraunfossar, each cascade offers a unique experience that captures the essence of this volcanic island nation. Whether you’re an avid photographer, adventure seeker, or simply a nature lover, Iceland’s waterfalls are sure to leave you inspired and awestruck.
Plan your trip carefully, pack the right gear, and immerse yourself in the magical world of Icelandic waterfalls — an experience you’ll never forget.